What does geocoding involve in data processing?

Geocoding is a process that involves converting a textual description of a location, typically an address, into geographic coordinates, which are usually expressed in latitude and longitude. This transformation enables computers to understand geographical locations in a way that is useful for mapping and spatial analysis. By assigning geographic coordinates to addresses, geocoding allows for various applications such as location-based services, route optimization, and spatial data analysis.

For instance, when you input an address into a mapping application, the app needs to convert that address into specific coordinates so it can accurately place it on a map. This process is fundamental in various fields such as urban planning, logistics, and emergency response, where precise location data is critical.

Other options involve different data processing techniques that do not specifically relate to the task of converting addresses into geographic coordinates.