Which of the following elements is examined in organizational research?

Organizational research focuses on understanding how organizations function, the dynamics within them, and the factors that influence their performance and culture. Cultural history and organizational structure are critical elements in this field because they provide insights into how an organization's past, its values, norms, and hierarchical frameworks shape current practices and behaviors. By examining these elements, researchers can identify patterns that affect decision-making, employee engagement, and overall effectiveness.

Understanding cultural history is essential as it reflects the traditions, beliefs, and practices that have developed over time within an organization. This can significantly impact how employees interact, communicate, and align with the organization’s goals. Additionally, analyzing the organizational structure helps reveal how authority and responsibilities are distributed, influencing the workflow and efficiency of processes.

While financial forecasts, environmental impact assessments, and competitor marketing strategies are important in their respective fields, they do not primarily focus on the internal dynamics and cultural aspects that organizational research seeks to explore. Thus, the examination of cultural history and organizational structure is central to understanding the comprehensive landscape of an organization and its performance.